Windmill



"0. 11.RUD0LPH.

Windmill.

No. 227,842. Patented Mayls, 1880.

PATENT (Minore.D

CALVIN F. RUDOLPH,

OF BEEVILLE, TEXAS.

WINDMILI..

SPECIFICATION forming' part of LettersPatent No. 227,842, dated May 18,1880.

Application filed January 20, 1580.

To all whom 'it maycmwera:

Be it known that I, CALVIN Fosrna RU- DOLPH, of Beeville, in the countyof Bee and State of Texas, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

My improvements are designed with specialregard to a comparativelysimple and durable construction with an effective and regular action inwindmills. I use two sets of hinged vanes, one of scroll form actingabove, and the other ot' triangular formactiug below, the revolving`plane of horizontal arms to which they are hinged. These vanes areconnected together at their free ends in such manner as to have aco-operatin g action under the action of the wind, and both controlledin such action by means ot' weights connected by cords leading from theupper free ends of the scrollvanes over pulleys arranged upon thevertical driving-shaft and hanging below the upper bearing of the framewhich supports the driving-shaft. The scroll-vanes receive the action ofthe wind upon their concave surfaces, which terminate in an upper pointof the scroll, and in their full acting positions they are wholly abovethe arms with their scroll-points at or near the shaft, While the lowervanes hang down vertically, and present, by their connection with theupper vanes, their full surfaces to the wind, so that as thescroll-vanes are depressed to carry their acting-surfaces out of thewind the lower vanes are in proportion made free to swing back out ofthe wind to diminish its force thereon, thereby not only maintaining theregular action of the mill but obtaining increased power from thedivided and connected action of the vanes. In fact, Irpro vide eachradial arm with two vanes, each separately' hinged7 and having aiiexible con! nection at their free ends, so that while one is hingedindependent of the other, yet the upper or scroll vane must control thelower one under all conditions of the wind.

The mill is stopped by fully depressing the scroll-vanes, which leavesthe lower vanes free to be carried back, so to oiier little or noresistance to the wind, the lowering of the scrolls having `the eect totake them out of the wind, as it is only in their elevated posi tionsthat they receive the full effect of the wind and hold the lower vanesagainst `the action of the wind.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a view,inperspective, of a windmill embracing my improvements, the vanes being inposition for full operation; Fig. 2, a side elevation, showing the vanesdepressed to put the mill out ot' use; Fig. 3, a detail of the shaft andits cord-pulleys; and Fig. 4, a detail top view, showing the relation ofthe scroll-vanes to the hub.

The same letters of reference refer to corresponding parts of thewindmill.

The vertical shaft A is provided with upper and lower bearings in asuitable4 frame` work, and the radial arms B are secured in a hub, C,carried by said shaft, the hub and arms being iirmly secured together bytop and bottom plates, or in any suitable manner.

Each of the radial arms has independently hinged to it two vanes, one,D, of scroll form, extending upward with an inward concave surface andterminating at a point, a, by an over inward bend, so as to allow thewind to act upon its inward concave or scroll side, with its inner-edgecorner, b, encircling that part of the hub between the arms, and withits hinged edgecthe length of the armi, so that when in its raised orfull position it presents `its concave side for the action of the wind.`The other, E, of these vanes is hinged to the -lower side ot' said arm,and` is of triangular form, extending downward with its full side invertical position to receive the action of the wind. rEhe hinged edgesof these lower vanes are of equal length to the arms, but their pointsterminate at their outer edges, and there fore in opposite positions tothe upper-point terminations of the scrollvanes. Under this arrangementthe lower hinged vane of one arm will be in a position beneath the inneredge, y

IOO

wind Will lessen such force, and will cause the lower ones to swing backcorrespondingly out of the wind. This action of the connected vanes iseffected by means of pendent weights e, attached .by cordsf to thepoint-terminations of the scroll-vanes, and passing over pulleys g,secured to the shaft above the huh C, and extending down throughcorresponding holes in the hub and the upper bearingof the shaft, theweights being attached to the lower ends of said cords beneath saidupper bear` ing. rlhe weights must be sufficient to counterbalance theconnected vanes and to hold them up in ordinary winds.

I propose to use the weights in sections, so that the power can' begoverned according to the amount ofwork to be done or the machin-v eryto be driven, and hold the vanes against a strong wind, or regulate theweights for a light power by removing as many sections as may berequired.

rlhe weights revolve with the shaft, and are held in place around saidvshaft by means of vertical guide-rods h, secured to said shaft.

To put the mill out of action the weights are raised simultaneously bymeans of a plate, t', adapted to slide over the shaft, and raisedagainst the weights by a cord, j, attached to said plate, the samepassing over a pulley, la, on the shaftabove the hub, and descending andpassing through a hole in said liftingplate, so as to be reached andpulled down.

i That part of the shaft A which carries the pulleys isinade separateVand screwed onto the shaft as/show'nwin Fig. 3, seas-to allowit to be fmadeio'fa length to suit different-'sized mills.

"For a twelve-foot mill this pulley-section will be about four feetlong, and the 'weights will occupy about the same space for action belowthe hub.

The attachments for driving one or more machines are applied to theshaft below the weight devices.

Additional wings may be used so as to lap the lower wings upon the sameslope and hinged to the arms, so as to give increased surface andgreater power by forming eXtensions to said Wings; but in such cases theweights must be increased accordingly.

The arms B are braced to each other and to the top of the shaft, asshown, 0r in any suitable manner.

I have used a mill embracing the improvements, and iind it to work withgreat power and regularity. the wind from any point. It isself-regulating, and by means of the sectional weights the power can beincreasedor diminished as the supplemental .lower vanes are added, andwhich may be easily attached, when required, by means ofhook-connections.

It will be understood that when the upper scroll-vanes are fullydepressed out of the wind the lower vanes are free to be driven back bythe wind in nearly horizontal positions, so as not to drive the mill,the lengths of tlic connecting-cords being such as to produce thiseffect.

I claim- 1. In a windmill, the vanes consisting of an upper scroll part,D, a nd a lower triangular part, E, hinged to the same radial arm B, thescroll part of one arm being connected to the lower triangular' part ofthe other arm by a lieXible connection, F, in combination with weightsc, connected to the upper or scroll part, for operation substantially asherein set forth.

2. The combination, with the independentlyhinged vanes D E, connectedtogether for cooperation substantially as herein set forth, ofthe cordsF, connected to the point-termi nations a of the scroll-vanes, theshaft-pulleys g, over which said cords pass, the weights c, attached tosaid cords, the guide-rods h for said weights, and the lifting-plate t',all constructed for use in a windmill, substantially as herein setforth.

3. For windmills, the scrollshaped vanes D, hinged to the radial arm B,terminating in a point, a, by an upward and inward bend of its innerend, extending the length of said arm at its hinged edge, and controlledby a cord-connected weight, e, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

CALVIN FOSTER RUDOLPH. Witnesses:

W. S. DUGA'r, H. W. WiLsoN.

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